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Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder that affects the ovaries and often emerges during adolescence. While the condition is well-recognized in adult women, its manifestation in pediatric and adolescent populations is gaining increasing attention.

Pediatric PCOS:

  • An increasingly common endocrine disorder affecting adolescent girls and young women.
  • Characterized by hormonal imbalances, mainly elevated androgen(Testosterone etc.) and insulin resistance, leading to various symptoms

Symptoms:

  • Irregular or missed periods: Anovulation (lack of ovulation) is a hallmark feature.
  • Hirsutism: Excessive hair growth on face, chest, back, or abdomen due to elevated androgens.
  • Acne: Often linked to hormonal imbalances.
  • Weight gain or difficulty losing weight: Insulin resistance can contribute to weight management challenges.
  • Skin: darkening: Acanthosis nigricans, typically in neck folds, elbows, or underarms.
  • Fatigue and mood swings: Energy imbalances and hormonal fluctuations can impact mood.

Diagnosis:

No single test confirms PCOS, but doctors consider:

    • Symptoms
    • Physical examination
    • Blood tests (hormone levels, insulin resistance)
    • Ultrasound

Management:

  • Focuses on symptom management and preventing long-term complications like type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and fertility issues.
  • Lifestyle modifications:
    • Healthy diet
    • Regular exercise
    • Weight management
  • Medication: Based on individual needs, including:
    • Birth control pills for hormonal regulation
    • Metformin for insulin resistance
    • Anti-androgens for hair growth reduction

Importance:

  • Early diagnosis and intervention are crucial for:
    • Preventing long-term health complications
    • Promoting well-being and quality of life
    • Supporting mental and emotional health

Additional Considerations:

  • PCOS can present differently in each individual.
  • Comprehensive care is often necessary.
  • Open communication and support are vital for girls and families living with PCOS.

Additional Resources:

If you have concerns about your child having symptoms related to PCOS/PCOD, please consult for a thorough evaluation and diagnosis.

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