Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder that affects the ovaries and often emerges during adolescence. While the condition is well-recognized in adult women, its manifestation in pediatric and adolescent populations is gaining increasing attention. Pediatric PCOS: An increasingly common endocrine disorder affecting adolescent girls and young women. Characterized by hormonal imbalances, mainly […]
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) in Pediatrics:
Type 2 diabetes is characterized by insulin resistance, where the body’s cells do not respond effectively to insulin, and a gradual decline in insulin production. It was traditionally associated with adults, but there’s an increasing prevalence in children, primarily due to lifestyle factors Key Points: Onset: Historically seen in adults, but the prevalence is rising […]
Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) in Pediatrics
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disorder in which the body’s immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. This results in a lack of insulin, a hormone essential for regulating blood sugar (glucose) levels. Type 1 diabetes is often diagnosed in children and adolescents. Key Points: Onset: Typically diagnosed […]
The Mini Powerhouse: All About Your Adrenal Glands
Cortisol, a crucial hormone produced by the adrenal glands, plays a vital role in various physiological processes within the human body. In Pediatric endocrinology, cortisol is particularly important due to its involvement in the stress response and its influence on growth, metabolism, and immune function. Key Points: Production and Regulation: Cortisol is produced in the […]
Pediatric Obesity: A Growing Concern
Pediatric obesity, defined as a Body Mass Index (BMI) exceeding the 95th percentile for age and sex, is a significant and growing public health issue impacting children worldwide. Its causes are complex and involve a combination of factors, including: Genetic and biological influences: Some children may be predisposed to obesity due to their genes or […]
The Vertical Challenge: A Closer Look at Short height
Short stature refers to a child’s height falling significantly below what’s expected for their age and sex and as per their genetic target. It’s a common reason for medical consultation and can be caused by various factors. Key Points: Definition: Generally considered as height at lower percentile for age and sex or growing below their genetic […]
Growing Too Soon: A Look at Early Puberty in Children
Precocious puberty refers to the early onset of secondary sexual characteristics before the expected age, typically defined as before 8 years for girls and 9 years for boys. It can be a confusing and concerning experience for both children and families. There is misconception in many parents that having periods in girl is start of […]
Thyroid Troubles: Decoding the Signals and Finding Solutions
Pediatric Thyroid disorders refer to conditions that affect the Thyroid gland in children, disrupting its normal function. The Thyroid gland, located in the neck, plays a crucial role in regulating metabolism and growth by producing hormones such as thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3). Thyroid disorders in children can lead to various health issues and require […]